![\"Computed](\"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/deeptow\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2023\/08\/tagmag.jpg\" "\\"tagmag\\"")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\tComputed crustal magnetization of TAG active hydrothermal mound, Mid-Atlantic Ridge 26N, Reference: Tivey et al., 1993\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t![\"High](\"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/deeptow\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2023\/08\/tagbth.jpg\" "\\"tagbth\\"")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\tHigh resolution bathymetry of the TAG active hydrothermal mound, Mid-Atlantic Ridge 26N, Data courtesy of Rob Sohn, WHOI\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t![\"Magnetization](\"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/deeptow\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/66\/2023\/08\/magburnholes.jpg\" "\\"magburnholes\\"")
\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\tMap of Main Endeavour hydrothermal field showing the magnetic burnholes created by corrosive hydrothermal fluid destroying the magnetic minerals in the host basaltic rock. See the Tivey and Johnson 2002 paper on this topic.\n\tLinks to published papers on the magnetism of hydrothermal systems<\/h2>\n\n- Tivey\u00a0and Dyment, 2010:\u00a0The magnetic signature of hydrothermal systems in slow spreading environments.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>AGU Monograph v. 188<\/em><\/li>\n
- Tivey, Schouten and Kleinrock, 2003:\u00a0A near-bottom magnetic survey of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 26\u00b0N: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the TAG segment.<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>J. Geophys. Res.<\/em><\/li>\n
- Tivey\u00a0and Johnson, 2002:\u00a0Crustal magnetization reveals subsurface structure of Juan de Fuca Ridge hydrothermal vent fields.<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>Geology<\/em><\/li>\n
- Tivey, Rona and Schouten, 1993:\u00a0Reduced crustal magnetization beneath the active sulfide mound, TAG hydrothermal field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 26\u00b0N.<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>Earth and Planet. Sci. Letts<\/em><\/li>\n
- Tivey, 1989:\u00a0High-resolution geophysical studies of oceanic hydrothermal systems.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>CRC Critical Reviews in Aquatic Sciences<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t
Marine mining issues.<\/h2>\n
High resolution near-bottom magnetic surveys can be used to image the subsurface extent of demagnetized crust (i.e. altered crust) at vent sites, which by inference can be related to subsurface mineralization. Thus, the magnetic method can be used as a geophysical prospecting tool, as it is on land. The magnetic signature might be a useful tool to find, not only active systems, but also inactive, extinct, or even buried mineral deposits. Other geophysical techniques such as gravity mapping or electromagnetic sounding are capable of directly imaging mineralization, but those techniques are not yet fully developed for deep ocean use. The issue of deep sea mining is highly contentious but perhaps also, a coming reality, as the technology and economics become more favorable for development.<\/p>\n
Marine mining issues.<\/h2>\n
High resolution near-bottom magnetic surveys can be used to image the subsurface extent of demagnetized crust (i.e. altered crust) at vent sites, which by inference can be related to subsurface mineralization. Thus, the magnetic method can be used as a geophysical prospecting tool, as it is on land. The magnetic signature might be a useful tool to find, not only active systems, but also inactive, extinct, or even buried mineral deposits. Other geophysical techniques such as gravity mapping or electromagnetic sounding are capable of directly imaging mineralization, but those techniques are not yet fully developed for deep ocean use. The issue of deep sea mining is highly contentious but perhaps also, a coming reality, as the technology and economics become more favorable for development.<\/p>\n