{"id":23,"date":"2021-12-20T11:03:58","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T15:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.personal-site.dev\/?page_id=23"},"modified":"2026-04-19T21:16:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T01:16:22","slug":"pubs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/pubs\/","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t<h1>Publications<\/h1>\n<h3>2026<\/h3>\n<p>Rockl\u00f6v J, Dunlop S, Chiles TC, Fuller L, Geyer R, Johnson MM, Karasik R, Muncke J, Raps H, Rauert C, Rhodes MG, Spring M, Stegeman J, Symeonides C, Thomas KV, Treskova M, Velis CA, Wagner M, Landrigan PJ (2026) Plastics, plastic chemicals, and microplastics: multiple harms to health. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(26)00647-1\/fulltext\"><i>The Lancet<\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Utami DA, Reuning L, Schwark L, Nelson RK, James BD, Swarthout RF, Buhler D, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Reddy CM (2026) Plastitar and pyroplastics as emerging vectors of coastal pollution: Chemical identification from Panjang Island (Java Sea) and Palm Beach, Florida. <i>Marine Pollution Bulletin<\/i> <b>228:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0025326X26003905?via%3Dihub\">119603<\/a>.<\/p>\nBryan D. James, Luis E. A. Bezerra, Diane Buhler, Rivelino M. Cavalcante, Martha L. Aguilera, Bing Chen, Jonas Gros, Ulrich M. Hanke, Karin L. Lemkau, Robert K. Nelson, Sydney F. Niles, Andr\u00e9 H. B. de Oliveira, Thomas D. Pitchford, Jago\u0161 R. Radovi\u0107, Ryan P. Rodgers, Marcelo O. Soares, Scott A. Socolofsky, Roger E. Summons, Robert F. Swarthout, Carlos E. P. Teixeira, David L. Valentine, Helen K. White, Min Yang, Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo, Baiyu Zhang, and Christopher M. Reddy (2026) Long-Range Transport of Oil by Marine Plastic Debris: Evidence from an 8500 km Journey.\n<cite><\/cite><cite>Environmental Science &amp; Technology <\/cite><strong>60:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c14571\">2649\u22122661<\/a>.\n<h3>2025<\/h3>\n<p>Larry J. Pratt, Irina I. Rypina; (2025) A theory for attractors of microplastic particles in the resonant structures of a 3D eddy. <em>Chaos<\/em> 1 December 2025; 35 (12): <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/cha\/article-abstract\/35\/12\/123124\/3374372\/A-theory-for-attractors-of-microplastic-particles?redirectedFrom=fulltext\">123124<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Sun Y, James BD, Houston KR, Edwards B, Izallalen M, Mazumder S, Shankar R, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2025) Temperature Controls the Lifetimes and Microbial Communities Degrading Cellulose Diacetate in the Coastal Ocean. <i>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/i> <b>59:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c05334\">19468-19478<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Reddy CM (2025) Container Overboard in the Port of New Orleans, LA, USA. Chapter 21 In Coastal and Marine Pollution (eds M. Vithanage, S.M. Samarasekara, B.D. James and C.M. Reddy). pp. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781394237029.ch21\">403-424<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Landrigan PJ, Dunlop S, Treskova M, Raps H, Symeonides C, Muncke J, Spring M, Stegeman J, Almroth BC, Chiles TC, Cropper M, Deeney M, Fuller L, Geyer R, Karasik R, Mafira T, Mangwiro A, Matias DM, Mulders Y, Park Y, Velis CA, Vermeulen R, Wagner M, Wang Z, Whitman EM, Woodruff TJ, Rockl\u00f6v J (2025) The Lancet Countdown on health and plastics. <i>Lancet <\/i><strong>406:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0140673625014473?via%3Dihub\">1044-1062<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Sun Y, Pate K, Irving B, Ward CP (2025) Strategies for Designing Circular, Sustainable, and Nonpersistent Consumer Plastic Products: A Case Study of Drinking Straws. <i>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/i> <b>59:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.5c05448\">18177-18189<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ward CP, Reddy CM, James BD (2025) Initial estimates of the lifetime of unsmoked cellulose diacetate and paper cigarette filters in the coastal ocean. <i>Environmental Science: Advances<\/i>\u00a0<strong>4:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2025\/va\/d4va00364k\">1014-1023<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Walsh AN, Dunlea AG, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2025) Characterization of Inorganic Additives in and Photochemically Liberated from Consumer Plastics: Implications for Global and Local Biogeochemical Cycles. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsenvironau.4c00130\"><i>ACS Environmental Au<\/i><\/a>. 5, 3, 298-307.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Medvedev AV, Medvedeva LA, Martsen E, Gorman KL, Lin B, Makarov SS, Aluwihare LI, Vos Ad, Reddy CM, Hahn ME (2025) Burnt plastic (pyroplastic) from the M\/V X-Press Pearl ship fire and plastic spill contain compounds that activate endocrine and metabolism-related human and fish transcription factors. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/envhealth.4c00172\"><i>Environment and Health (ACS) <strong>3:<\/strong> 91-101<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>2024<\/h3>\n<p>Pitt JA, Gallager SM, Youngs S, Michel APM, Hahn ME, Aluru N (2024) The abundance and localization of environmental microplastics in gastrointestinal tract and muscle of Atlantic killifish (<em>Fundulus heteroclitus<\/em>): A pilot study. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43591-024-00101-w\"><i>Microplastics and Nanoplastics <\/i><b>4: <\/b><\/a><i>23<\/i><\/p>\n<p>James BD, Sun Y, Pate K, Shankar R, Izallalen M, Mazumder S, Perri ST, Houston KR, Edwards B, de Wit J, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2024) Foaming Enables Material-Efficient Bioplastic Products with Minimal Persistence. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.4c05822\"><i>ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering<\/i> <b>12:<\/b> 16030-16040<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Mu\u00f1oz-P\u00e9rez JP, Lewbart GA, Toapanta T, Chadwick H, Okoffo ED, Alarc\u00f3n-Ruales D, Zurita-Arthos L, Jones JS, Cisneros F, Moreira-Mendieta A, Vintimilla-Palacios C, Miranda C, Vallejo F, Houck E, Alem\u00e1n R, Escobar-Flores K, Skehel A, Casta\u00f1eda J, Secoura P, Vaden S, Lewis C, Galloway T, Wallace B, Godley BJ, Cole M, Lindeque P, Thomas KV, Potvin DA, Valle CA, Townsend KA (2024) Plastic pollution and health metrics in wild juvenile green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) from two Ecuadorian national parks: Gal\u00e1pagos and Machalilla. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/amphibian-and-reptile-science\/articles\/10.3389\/famrs.2024.1439512\/full\"><i>Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science<\/i><\/a> <b>2<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Law KL, Sobkowicz MJ, Shaver MP, Hahn ME (2024) Untangling the chemical complexity of plastics to improve life cycle outcomes. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41578-024-00705-x\"><em>Nature Reviews Materials <strong>9: <\/strong><\/em>657-667<\/a><\/p>\n<p>James BD, Medvedev AV, Makarov SS, Nelson RK, Reddy CM, Hahn ME (2024) Moldable plastics (polycaprolactone) can be acutely toxic to developing zebrafish and activate nuclear receptors in mammalian cells.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38981095\/\"><i>ACS Biomaterial Science &amp; Engineering <strong>10:<\/strong> 5237\u22125251<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Aanesen M, Ahi JC, Abate TG, Khan FR, de Vries FP, Kite-Powell H, Beaumont NJ (2024) Insights from international environmental legislation and protocols for the global plastic treaty. <i>Scientific Reports<\/i> <b>14:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-53099-9\">2750<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Sun Y, Izallalen M, Mazumder S, Perri ST, Edwards B, de Wit J, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2024) Strategies to Reduce the Environmental Lifetimes of Drinking Straws in the Coastal Ocean. <i>ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.3c07391\"><strong>12:<\/strong> 2404-2411<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ward CP, Reddy CM, Edwards B, Perri ST (2024) To curb plastic pollution, industry and academia must unite. <i>Nature<\/i> <b>625:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-024-00155-z\">658-662<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Rypina II, Pratt LJ, Dotzel M (2024) Aggregation of slightly buoyant microplastics in 3D vortex flows. <i>Nonlin Processes Geophys<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/npg.copernicus.org\/articles\/31\/25\/2024\/\"><b>31:<\/b> 25-44<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Pitt JA, Hahn ME, Aluru N (2024) Implications of Exposure Route for the Bioaccumulation Potential of Nanopolystyrene Particles.\u00a0<em>Chemosphere <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.141133\"><strong>351:<\/strong> 141133<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Ward CP, Hahn ME, Thorpe SJ, Reddy CM (2024) Minimizing the environmental impacts of plastic pollution through eco-design of products with low environmental persistence. <em>ACS Sustainable Chemistry &amp; Engineering <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.3c05534\"><strong>12:<\/strong> 1185-1194<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Pitt JA, Aluru N, Hahn ME (2024) Microplastics in Marine Food Webs. In: Shumway SE, Ward E, editors. Plastics in the Sea: Occurrence and Impacts. (in press) (<a href=\"https:\/\/microplastics.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/46\/2024\/01\/Pitt_Aluru_Hahn_FoodWebs_2024b.pdf\">Pitt_Aluru_Hahn_FoodWebs_2024b<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h3>2023<\/h3>\n<p>Sun Y, Mazzotta MG, Miller CA, Apprill A, Izallalen M, Mazumder S, Perri ST, Edwards B, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2023) Distinct microbial communities degrade cellulose diacetate bioplastics in the coastal ocean. <i>Appl Environ Microbiol<\/i><b>:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/aem.01651-23\">e0165123<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Reddy CM, Hahn ME, Nelson RK, de Vos A, Aluwihare LI, Wade TL, Knap AH, Bera G (2023) Fire and Oil Led to Complex Mixtures of PAHs on Burnt and Unburnt Plastic during the M\/V X-Press Pearl Disaster. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsenvironau.3c00011?ref=pdf\"><i>ACS Environmental Au 3, 5, 319-335<\/i>.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Nelson, TF and Ward CP (2023)\u00a0Diffusion-Ordered Spectroscopy for Rapid and Facile Determination of Consumer Plastic Molecular Weight.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c00655\"><i>Anal. Chem.<\/i> 2023, 95, 22, 8560-8568<\/a><\/p>\n<p>James BD, Karchner SI, Walsh AN, Aluru N, Franks DG, Sullivan KR, Reddy CM, Ward CP, Hahn ME (2023) Formulation Controls the Potential Neuromuscular Toxicity of Polyethylene Photoproducts in Developing Zebrafish. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37186871\/\"><i>Environ Sci Technol<\/i><\/a>. 57, 21, 7966-7977.<\/p>\n<p>Landrigan PJ, Raps H, Cropper M, Bald C, Brunner M, Canonizado EM, Charles D, Chiles TC, Donohue MJ, Enck J, Fenichel P, Fleming LE, Ferrier-Pages C, Fordham R, Gozt A, Griffin C, Hahn ME, Haryanto B, Hixson R, Ianelli H, James BD, Kumar P, Laborde A, Law KL, Martin K, Mu J, Mulders Y, Mustapha A, Niu J, Pahl S, Park Y, Pedrotti M-L, Pitt JA, Ruchirawat M, Seewoo BJ, Spring M, Stegeman JJ, Suk W, Symeonides C, Takada H, Thompson RC, Vicini A, Wang Z, Whitman E, Wirth D, Wolff M, Yousuf AK, Dunlop S. The Minderoo-Monaco Commission on Plastics and Human Health.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/aogh.4056\"><i>Annals of Global Health<\/i>\u00a02023;\u00a0<b>89:\u00a0<\/b>1-215<\/a>. \u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.whoi.edu\/press-room\/news-release\/whoi-helps-lead-groundbreaking-study-on-the-human-and-ocean-health-impacts-of-ocean-plastics\/\">WHOI News Release<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Bourzac K (2023) Grappling with the biggest marine plastic spill in history. <a href=\"https:\/\/cen.acs.org\/environment\/pollution\/marine-plastic-spill-xpress-pearl-nurdle\/101\/i3\"><i>Chemical &amp; Engineering News<\/i> <b>101:<\/b> 25-31<\/a>. (Not a WHOI author, but WHOI scientists are featured.)<\/p>\n<h3>2022<\/h3>\n<p>Jiang H, Pechenik JA (2022) Hydrodynamic role of substrate attachment in shaping the suspension-feeding current created by the marine gastropod Crepidula fornicata. <i>Invertebrate Biology<\/i> <b>141:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ivb.12383\">e12383<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Walsh AN, Mazzotta MG, Nelson TF, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2022) Synergy between Sunlight, Titanium Dioxide, and Microbes Enhances Cellulose Diacetate Degradation in the Ocean. <i><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acs.est.2c04348\">Environmental Science &amp; Technology <\/a><\/i><strong>56:<\/strong> 13810\u221213819.<\/p>\n<p>Leistenschneider C, Le Bohec C, Eisen O, Houstin A, Neff S, Primpke S, Zitterbart DP, Burkhardt-Holm P, Gerdts G (2022) No evidence of microplastic ingestion in emperor penguin chicks (Aptenodytes forsteri) from the Atka Bay colony (Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica). <i>Sci Total Environ<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36041615\/\"><b>851:<\/b> 158314<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Landrigan PJ, Raps H, Symeonides C, Chiles T, Cropper M, Enck J,\u00a0Hahn ME, Kumar P, Mustapha A, Park Y, Spring M, Stegeman J, Thompson R, Wang Z, Wolff M, Yousuf A, Dunlop S (2022) Announcing the Minderoo &#8211; Monaco Commission on Plastics and Human Health.\u00a0<i>Annals of Global Health<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/aogh.3916\"><strong>88(1):<\/strong> 73, 1-9<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, de Vos A, Aluwihare L, Youngs S, Ward CP, Nelson RK, Michel APM, Hahn ME, Reddy CM (2022) Divergent Forms of Pyroplastic: Lessons Learned from the M\/V X-Press Pearl Ship Fire. <i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsenvironau.2c00020\">ACS Environmental Au<\/a>\u00a0<\/i><strong>2 (5):<\/strong>\u00a0467-479.<\/p>\n<p>James BD, Hahn ME, Reddy CM (2022) Biomaterials Science Can Offer a Valuable Second Opinion on Nature&#8217;s Plastic Malady. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.1c07569\"><i>Environ Sci Technol<\/i>.<\/a> <strong>56(3):\u00a0<\/strong>1475-1477<\/p>\n<p>Mazzotta MG, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2022) Rapid Degradation of Cellulose Diacetate by Marine Microbes. <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.estlett.1c00843?ref=pdf\"><i>Environmental Science &amp; Technology Letters<\/i><\/a> <b>9:<\/b> 37-41.<\/p>\n<p>de Vos A, Aluwihare L, Youngs S, DiBenedetto MH, Ward CP, Michel APM,\u00a0Colson BC, Mazzotta MG, Walsh AN, Nelson RK, Reddy CM, James BD (2022) The M\/V X-Press Pearl Nurdle Spill: Contamination of Burnt Plastic and Unburnt Nurdles along Sri Lanka&#8217;s Beaches.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsenvironau.1c00031\"><em>ACS Environmental Au<\/em><\/a>. <strong>2(2):<\/strong>\u00a0128-135. \u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newswise.com\/articles\/study-outlines-challenges-to-ongoing-clean-up-of-burnt-and-unburnt-nurdles-along-sri-lanka-s-coastline\">Press release<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h3>2021<\/h3>\n<p>Blevins MG, Allen HL, Colson BC, Cook AM, Greenbaum AZ, Hemami SS, Hollmann J, Kim E, LaRocca AA, Markoski KA, Miraglia P, Mott VL, Robberson WM, Santos JA, Sprachman MM, Swierk P, Tate S, Witinski MF, Kratchman LB, Michel APM (2021) Field-Portable Microplastic Sensing in Aqueous Environments: A Perspective on Emerging Techniques. <i><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34069517\/\">Sensors<\/a> (Basel)<\/i> <b>21<\/b>(10): 3532.<\/p>\n<p>Amaral-Zettler LA, Zettler ER, Mincer TJ, Klaassen MA, Gallager SM (2021) Biofouling impacts on polyethylene density and sinking in coastal waters: A macro\/micro tipping point? <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34102596\/\"><i>Water Res<\/i> <b>201:<\/b> 117289<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Belden ER, Kazantzis NK, Reddy CM, Kite-Powell H, Timko MT, Italiani E, Herschbach DR (2021) Thermodynamic feasibility of shipboard conversion of marine plastics to blue diesel for self-powered ocean cleanup.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/46\/e2107250118\"><i>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A<\/i><\/a>\u00a0<b>118<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Walsh AN, Reddy CM, Niles SF, McKenna AM, Hansel CM, Ward CP (2021) Plastic Formulation is an Emerging Control of Its Photochemical Fate in the Ocean.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.1c02272\"><em>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<strong>55:<\/strong>\u00a012383-12392.<\/p>\n<p>See WHOI\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.whoi.edu\/press-room\/news-release\/sunlight-can-break-down-marine-plastic-into-tens-of-thousands-of-chemical-compounds-study-finds\/\">News Release<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Nelson TF, Reddy CM, Ward CP (2021) Product Formulation Controls the Impact of Biofouling on Consumer Plastic Photochemical Fate in the Ocean.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.1c02079\"><em>Environ Sci Technol<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<strong>55:<\/strong>\u00a08898-8907.<\/p>\n<p>Colson, BC and Michel, APM (2021) Flow-through quantification of microplastics using impedance spectroscopy.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acssensors.0c02223\"><em>ACS Sensors<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<strong>6:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>238-244.<\/p>\n<p>Farrington JW (2021) Reflections about three influential Ambio articles impacting environmental biogeochemistry research and knowledge.\u00a0<i>Ambio<\/i> <b>50:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33471250\/\">539-543<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>2020<\/h3>\n<p>Ward CP, Reddy CM (2020) Opinion: We need better data about the environmental persistence of plastic goods.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/117\/26\/14618\"><i>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A<\/i>\u00a0<b>117:<\/b><\/a>\u00a014618-14621.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.whoi.edu\/news-insights\/content\/how-long-does-plastic-persist-in-the-ocean\/\">How Long Does Plastic Persist in the Ocean?<\/a>\u00a0(WHOI Insight piece)<\/p>\n<p>Michel APM, Morrison AE, Colson BC, Pardis WA, Moya XA, Harb CC, White HK (2020) Quantum cascade laser-based reflectance spectroscopy: a robust approach for the classification of plastic type.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.393231\"><i>Optics Express<\/i><\/a>\u00a0<b>28:<\/b>\u00a017741-17756.<\/p>\n<p>Michel APM, Morrison AE, Preston VL, Marx CT, Colson BC, White HK (2020) Rapid Identification of Marine Plastic Debris via Spectroscopic Techniques and Machine Learning Classifiers.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.est.0c02099#\"><i>Environmental Science and Technology<\/i><b>\u00a0<\/b>54: 10630-10637<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Landrigan PJ,\u00a0<strong>Stegeman JJ<\/strong>, Fleming LE, Allemand D,\u00a0<strong>Anderson DM<\/strong>, Backer LC, Brucker-Davis F, Chevalier N, Corra L, Czerucka D, Bottein M-YD, Demeneix B, Depledge M, Deheyn DD, Dorman CJ, F\u00e9nichel P, Fisher S, Gaill F, Galgani F, Gaze WH, Giuliano L, Grandjean P,\u00a0<strong>Hahn ME<\/strong>, Hamdoun A, Hess P, Judson B, Laborde A, McGlade J, Mu J, Mustapha A, Neira M, Noble RT, Pedrotti ML,\u00a0<strong>Reddy C<\/strong>, Rockl\u00f6v J, Scharler UM, Shanmugam H, Taghian G, van de Water JAJM, Vezzulli L, Weihe P, Zeka A, Raps H, Rampal P. Human Health and Ocean Pollution.\u00a0<em>Annals of Global Health<\/em>. 2020;\u00a0<strong>86(1):<\/strong>\u00a0151, 1-64.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/doi:%20https\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/aogh.2831\">DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/aogh.2831<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>2019<\/h3>\n<p>Ward CP, Armstrong CJ, Walsh AN, Jackson JH, Reddy CM (2019)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.estlett.9b00532\">Sunlight Converts Polystyrene to Carbon Dioxide and Dissolved Organic Carbon<\/a>.\u00a0<i>Environmental Science &amp; Technology Letters<\/i>\u00a0<b>6:<\/b>\u00a0669-674.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.whoi.edu\/press-room\/news-release\/sunlight-degrades-polystyrene-faster-than-expected\/\">Sunlight degrades polystyrene faster than expected<\/a><br \/>\nOctober 10, 2019, WHOI News Release\n<p>Hanke UM, Ward CP, Reddy CM (2019)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acs.est.9b02961\">Leveraging Lessons Learned from Black Carbon Research to Study Plastics in the Environment.\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0<i>Environmental Science &amp; Technology\u00a0<\/i><b>53:<\/b>\u00a06599-6600.<\/p>\n<h3>Previous years<\/h3>\nZettler, E. R., Mincer, T. J. and Amaral-Zettler, L. A. (2013). Life in the &#8220;plastisphere&#8221;: microbial communities on plastic marine debris.\u00a0<i>Environmental Science &amp; Technology<\/i>\u00a0<b>47<\/b>, 7137-46, 10.1021\/es401288x.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es401288x\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es401288x<\/a>\n<p>Hirai H, Takada H, Ogata Y, Yamashita R, Mizukawa K, Saha M, Kwan C, Moore C, Gray H, Laursen D, Zettler ER, Farrington JW, Reddy CM, Peacock EE, Ward MW (2011) Organic micropollutants in marine plastics debris from the open ocean and remote and urban beaches.\u00a0<i>Mar Pollut Bull<\/i>\u00a0<b>62:<\/b>\u00a01683-1692.<\/p>\n<p>Moret-Ferguson S, Law KL, Proskurowski G, Murphy EK, Peacock EE, Reddy CM (2010) The size, mass, and composition of plastic debris in the western North Atlantic Ocean.\u00a0<i>Mar Pollut Bull<\/i>\u00a0<b>60:<\/b>\u00a01873-1878.<\/p>\nLaw KL, Moret-Ferguson S, Maximenko NA, Proskurowski G, Peacock EE, Hafner J, Reddy CM (2010) Plastic accumulation in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre.\u00a0<i>Science<\/i>\u00a0<b>329:<\/b>\u00a01185-1188.<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/329\/5996\/1185<br \/>\nrelated\u00a0<i>Oceanus<\/i>\u00a0article:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.whoi.edu\/oceanus\/feature\/plastic-particles-permeate-the-atlantic\/\"><i>Plastic Particles Permeate the Atlantic<\/i><\/a>\n<p>Wilber RJ (1987)\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.globalgarbage.org\/plastic_in_the_north_atlantic_r._jude_wilber_oceanus_1987.pdf\">Plastic in the North Atlantic<\/a>.\u00a0<i>Oceanus<\/i>\u00a0Fall 1987, pp. 61-68.<\/p>\n<p>Carpenter EJ, Smith KL, Jr. (1972)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/175\/4027\/1240\">Plastics on the Sargasso sea surface<\/a>.\u00a0<i>Science<\/i>\u00a0<b>175:<\/b>\u00a01240-1241.<\/p>\n<p>Carpenter EJ, Anderson SJ, Harvey GR, Miklas HP, Peck BB (1972)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/178\/4062\/749\">Polystyrene spherules in coastal waters<\/a>.\u00a0<i>Science<\/i>\u00a0<b>178:<\/b>\u00a0749-750.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Publications 2026 Rockl\u00f6v J, Dunlop S, Chiles TC, Fuller L, Geyer R, Johnson MM, Karasik R, Muncke J, Raps H, Rauert C, Rhodes MG, Spring M, Stegeman J, Symeonides C, Thomas KV, Treskova M, Velis CA, Wagner M, Landrigan PJ (2026) Plastics, plastic chemicals, and microplastics: multiple harms to health. The Lancet. Utami DA, Reuning&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-23","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1023,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23\/revisions\/1023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/microplastics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}