{"id":305,"date":"2020-03-25T08:44:48","date_gmt":"2020-03-25T12:44:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.test.dev\/?page_id=305"},"modified":"2026-08-11T10:49:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T14:49:48","slug":"instrumentation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/instrumentation\/","title":{"rendered":"Instrumentation"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<h2>Instrumentation<\/h2>\r\n<p>Our lab is based around making novel and precise determinations of carbon and alkalinity flows through marine biological and chemical systems. These instruments are set up to run environmental samples of total alkalinity and DIC, the \u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C of DIC, and the \u03b413C of CaCO<sub>3<\/sub>. We also have a membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS) that we use to determine the activity of the enzyme Carbonic anhydrase (CA) in natural samples. We have facilities to culture various marine micro-organisms, and do a lot of work with 13C tracing of carbon.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2022\/07\/IMG_6808-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG_6808\" src=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2022\/07\/IMG_6808-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Subhas Lab Picarro System\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3>Picarro Isotopic CO<sub>2<\/sub> Analyzer<\/h3>\r\n<p>Our Picarro G-2131i is set up to measure CO2 and d13C-CO2 in all sorts of samples. The instrument is equipped with a customized AutoMate Prep Device to measure solid and liquid samples. We also have an Apollo AS-D1 front end that makes simultaneous high-precision analyses of DIC and d13C-DIC.\u00a0 We use this system to analyze natural and experimental samples, including tracer experiments using 13C labeling techniques.\u00a0 Examples of samples we&#8217;ve analyzed using our system:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Particulate inorganic carbon (PIC)\u00a0 and d13C-PIC from large volume pumps, niskins, and sediment traps<\/li>\r\n<li>PIC content and d13C-PIC in marine sediments<\/li>\r\n<li>Seawater, porewater, and riverine DIC and d13C-DIC<\/li>\r\n<li>Cultured coccolithophore calcite<\/li>\r\n<li>Fish carbonates<\/li>\r\n<li>Volcanic CO2 and its d13C from Giggenbach samplers<\/li>\r\n<li>Something else? Contact us and we&#8217;ll figure out a way to measure it!<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2026\/08\/Screenshot-2026-08-10-at-7.03.14\u202fPM.png\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Screenshot 2026-08-10 at 7.03.14\u202fPM\" src=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2026\/08\/Screenshot-2026-08-10-at-7.03.14\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"Screenshot 2026-08-10 at 7.03.14\u202fPM\" width=\"586\" height=\"636\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3>Combustion Module for CRDS<\/h3>\r\n<p>As of 2026, a new addition to the Subhas Lab! The Combustion Module (CM) allows us to combust and measure the carbon and isotopic content of particulate organic samples! You might ask, why does an inorganic carbon lab care about measuring organic carbon? Well, it&#8217;s because we&#8217;ve developed man isotopic tracer method to measure calcification and primary production rates using carbon-13. This new addition allows us to turn around our field and lab analyses much faster, and will allow us to measure 13C of POC for other research groups!<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2022\/07\/IMG_6809-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG_6809\" src=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2022\/07\/IMG_6809-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Metrohm Titrator\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3>Metrohm Autotitration System<\/h3>\r\n<p>Our custom Metrohm autotitration system measures high-precision\u00a0 total alkalinity on small volume samples (3-5 mL, sometimes lower). It is set up with a full nonlinear Gran-style regression data processing back end.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2020\/04\/IMG_9462.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG_9462\" src=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2020\/04\/IMG_9462-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_9462\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3>Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometer (MIMS)<\/h3>\r\n<p>Pfeiffer Membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS) with a custom-designed and built front end, for analyzing the enzyme activity of carbonic anhydrase, using the 18O-spike method.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2022\/07\/IMG_6812-1-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"IMG_6812\" src=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2022\/07\/IMG_6812-1-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_6812\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3>Culturing Facilities<\/h3>\r\n<p>As Patrick Rafter said to me recently, &#8220;You&#8217;re growing living things now.&#8221; It&#8217;s true! We have an incubator and UV hood for experimental and observational work, particularly using coccolithophore and diatom cultures. We also grow microzooplankton thanks to a wonderful collaboration with Liz Harvey at UNH.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2020\/04\/neptune_small.jpg\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"> <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" title=\"neptune_small\" src=\"https:\/\/subhaslab.whoi.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2020\/04\/neptune_small.jpg\" alt=\"neptune_small\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" \/> <\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3>WHOI Plasma Mass Spectrometry Facility<\/h3>\r\n<p>We occasionally use inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS) to make measurements of metals in seawater and in carbonate shells.\u00a0 You can see the facility <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.whoi.edu\/site\/icpfacility\/\">here<\/a><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Instrumentation Our lab is based around making novel and precise determinations of carbon and alkalinity flows through marine biological and chemical systems. These instruments are set up to run environmental samples of total alkalinity and DIC, the \u03b413C of DIC, and the \u03b413C of CaCO3. We also have a membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS) that&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","advanced-sidebar-menu\/link-title":"","advanced-sidebar-menu\/exclude-page":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/305"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=305"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/305\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":891,"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/305\/revisions\/891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/website.whoi.edu\/subhaslab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}